(1) Cavitation effect
When shock waves act on tissues, the gas in the tissues expands and collapses at an extremely fast speed. When the bubbles collapse, there is a high-speed micro-jet phenomenon, accompanied by a rapid expansion of the bubble volume, producing a cavitation effect, causing local microcapillary rupture in the tissue, leakage of blood and cell media, generation of free radicals, and stimulation of new blood vessel formation, dredging occluded microvessels, accelerating microcirculation at the treatment site, improving local blood circulation, and loosening the adhesion of soft tissues.
(2) Piezoelectric effect
As a mechanical force, shock waves act on bone tissue, first increasing the stress of bone tissue and generating polarization potential, causing piezoelectric effect. It can accelerate healing, promote the production of collagen, promote metabolism and microcirculation, and the formation of new blood vessels in ligaments, and stimulate the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts, thereby promoting bone healing and playing an osteogenic role.
(3) Metabolic activation effect
By acting on local diseased tissues, the blood supply at this place is increased, bringing new growth factors, and inducing stem cells to transform into normal tissue structures, reducing the inflammatory reaction and edema at the affected area, and accelerating recovery.
(4) Analgesic effect
High-intensity shock waves have extremely strong stimulation on nerve endings, reducing nerve sensitivity and unable to conduct pain signals. Changes in free radicals around cells release substances that suppress pain and increase the pain threshold, thereby relieving pain.
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